Searching in Schools Essay examples -- Education Students Search Illeg

Searching in SchoolsThe U.S. Supreme Court and state courts have very gently both surmountowed and limited Fourth Amendment rights upon state-supported school students in a series of cases over several decades. Recent cases may indicate that the delicate balance between student rights and school preventative procedures is strongly leaning towards the rights of school authorities to actively isolate and reduce perceived trys of school violence. Starting in 1968 and culminating in 1984, the law of the land concerning the spot of students compared to school authorities shifted to a more constitutional basis. Prior to that time, student rights in school were defined by the common law school of thought of in loco parentis, which for centuries posited that school officials were given the right, duty, and responsibility to act in the place of a parent. Their right to act included the power to search students for il well-grounded items, or for items merely considered to be prohibited u nder state or local law or school district policies, without the warrant or probable cause conditions mandated for all other citizens under the Fourth Amendment. State laws, as upheld by their state courts, permitted such school action when, for example, student searches were deemed to be in the best educational interests of all the students. Any search based upon the much lower and non-constitutional standard of right problem was found to be in accord with the doctrine of in loco parentis it was accepted by the courts as necessary and reasonable in light of public necessity to maintain school discipline and edict and the longstanding social concept of the parental powers of school authorities. The searching of students produces a sense of security and safety in schools.Student ... ...ice-type school violence ginmill strategies. Law-related education is a fresh approach to reducing the causes of school violence early and continually throughout a students education. It is a gener ic, interdisciplinary direction to education combining particular kinds of content related to rules, laws, and legal systems with active instruction, flexible to any home run level and intended to continue through all grade level. Its aim is strictly to instill non-aggressive social problem-solving abilities, while also helping students become good citizens. Its method is to integrate into all curricula illustrations of common, student-relevant issues in the context of legal rights and responsibilities. BibliographyBrownfield, Currie, Margid, McKelvey, Norris, Wade. Rights & Privileges Opposing View PointsGreen haven Press Inc.San Diego, CA 1990

The Genetic Screening Debate :: Biology Biological Genes Papers

The Genetic Screening DebateWithin the past thirty years, researchers permit found strong evidence linking genes and disease. The development of prognostic genetic tests followed shortly after the isolation of certain candidate genes. Although predictive genetic screening is only available for a handful of diseases, its effects and ramifications have become hotly debated issues in a wide range of beas, from government to religion. The debate began in the 1993 when researchers isolated the BRCA1 gene, which is associated with increased risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer. The discovery of this gene led to excitement and speculation of developing a predictive genetic test to identify those women at risk for these cancers. In this paper, I will first describe the biology of genetic testing, and then discuss the pros and cons of predictive genetic testing. Before we start discussing how genetic tests are developed, let us discuss how genes can trigger disease. A sound body re quires the action of many proteins working together. For a protein to function properly, an intact gene must convert for that proper(postnominal) protein. A mutation describes a gene which has been changed. The most common type of mutation is a single change of a nucleotide of DNA. former(a) types of mutations include the loss or gain of a nucleotide and the disappearance or multiplication of long segments of DNA. Mutations can have three effects beneficial, harmful, or neutral. Mutations are beneficial if the fitness of an individual is enhanced. Harmful mutations can either slightly alter a protein, where the protein whitethorn still minimally function, or they may totally disable a protein. In this instance, the outcome is not only based on how a mutation alters a proteins function, but on how important the protein is to the body (Understanding Gene Testing). Since we have determined how genes can trigger harmful effects in the body, we can now examine how scientists look for s pecific genes that cause diseases. Scientists, looking for a diseased gene, study DNA samples in individuals where the disease has been present in the family for many generations. They look for specific genetic markers, which are DNA segments that are identified in individuals with the disease, and not identified in healthy individuals. Scientists then narrow down the area of DNA by occasion a gene. If a disease gene is mapped to an area, then the genelike sequences become candidate genes for a specific disease gene.

Illegal Global Trade Essay -- Crime and Punishment

Though r bely given enough attention in the press, the global network of counterfeited goods such as prescription drugs, watches, and handbags have become a serious problem in the world. This economic network impacts transnational economies than just about any other pierce because... The film Illicit the Dark Trade draws attention to this growing problem that affects our now globalized economy. Also, the movie is an adaption to Illicit the novel write by Dr. Moiss Nam. The film explores a maze of illegal activities and provides evidence supporting the idea that the sale of counterfeited goods results in government instability, money laundering, subversion and a host of other problems around the world that globalization has brought upon todays society. The wealthier countries exploit innocent people for economic growth and create unsymmetrical distribution of wealth, which leads to a decrease in over economic productivity and slows economic growth. Low-skilled workers in develop ed countries who will see a decrease in wages due to the competition that they face from low-skilled workers in developing countries who will see an increase in wages. Economists have come up with an idea that change liberalism is the force behind the rise of inequality in the United States and Western Europe, because of the boost in trade with poor countries and fragmentation of means of production, that has caused low-skilled jobs to be outsourced. Where preaching of the workers are inhumane and the unequal distribution of wealth will lead to an increase in poverty because the inequality leads to harmful for development that is generated because too he pressure that is created by inequality, this is directed the states having to adopt to redistributive polici... ... of individuals competing for low-skilled jobs. At the same time, developed countries have decreasing birthrates and are not able to replace the labor force and as Westernized civilizations focus unskilled labor ha s moved to industrializing nations in Asia. Tell me what can happen in the future/long-term effects of thisHowever repressive immigration policies play a major role in the reduction in the movement of jobs to countries to fill the void. The demand remains high as a result in developed countries for low waged labor, and immigrants who are desperate for work turn to smugglers to get them into developed countries. The risks and costs of smuggling people into developed countries are very high however, smugglers take this risk. Some smugglers become traffickers who sell the immigrants and force them work to recover the expensive costs of smuggling.

Free Essays - Dead Man Walking :: Dead Man Walking

Dead Man Walking         The motion picture Dead Man Walking provided a non-fiction insight into the world of crime, justice, and capital punishment.  The film cast several characters from different dry lands and opinion sets in direct conflict with wizard another.  Several small topics and one major topic, capital punishment, were explored over the duration of the movie.  While the opinions and reactions of people to Dead Man Walking may vary, the one constant is that people will arrive at a reaction.         child Helen Preje, the Catholic nun, appeared to be a genuinely concerned person who took a real interest in the condemned prisoner.  She came from a strong background but chose to give back to others.  sis Helen explained her need to give back during the film and appeared to be completely serious about her commitment to helping others. Sister Helen did not wear her habit during the course of the film.  Mevery people have a stereotypical vision of Catholic nuns the habit, seemingly out-of-touch thoughts and ideals, and older and/or without any vitality.  Sister Helen showed what being a Catholic and a Catholic nun is truly about.  She accepted a call for help from a complete stranger. or else of turning away or giving up, she persisted, showing what love and, in a way, courage could do under such dire circumstances.  Through it all, she did it with spirit, life, vitality, and strength.  Her human relationship with the convict, Matthew Poncelet, was on two levels.  The first was as a friend and confidant.  Sister Helen was the first to truly explore Matthew for Matthew.  Others tried to learn about him, but solitary(prenominal) to vilify or condemn him. The second level was as a messenger of religion, a messenger of God.  For the very first time, Matthew was given the opportunity to make believe his worth as a human, and his worth in the eyes of God.  Through this understanding, he was able to realize the value of all human life, including those who he murdered. Sister Helens relationship with the families of Matthew and the victims was honest and up-front.  She approached each with a hopeful attitude, trying to understand them while also trying to give them peace.  In each instance, she was

Women’s Role in China Essay example -- Women Feminism Chinese Culture

Womens Role in ChinaThe emotional, sexual, and psychological stereotyping of females begins when the doctor says Its a girl.-Shirley Chislom- Women have had changing roles in every society for centuries. Depending on the country, some women have had a heavy(a)er time achieving equality. One of these countries is China. These women have faced such obstacles as foot binding to concubines. Until the twentieth century women were not considered equals in their society. Many cruel things were done to women in ancient china that ar considered unfathomable in other countries. According to Confucius women werent equal to men because they were unworthy or incapable of literary education. This was as much as he mentioned women because it was such a natural idea to him that on that tip was no need to mention it, as other early Chinese writers and theorists thought. Women were only considered property and had to obey their familiars and fathers no matter what. Fathers also despised their daughters to the point where instead of being named they were considered daughter number one and daughter number two, etc. Once the woman was married instead of being property to her brother and father, she was now property to her husband and mother in law, whom also despised the girl. It was also common for a husband to have three or iv wives. If a womans husband were to die she was unable to remarry, sometimes causing women to commit suicide due to no food or income. If a woman were to remarry then her skin was peeled of her bones until she died. Another cruel act that was practiced in ancient china against women was foot binding. This custom started around 1000 when an Emperor believed his concubines small feet were beautiful. This process began when a girl was between three and eleven. Her toes were turned under her feet and pressed against the bottom of her foot. The arches were then depleted as the foot was pulled straight with the leg, a long narrow cotton bandag e would then be tightly wound around the foot from the toes to the ankle joint to hold to toes in place (W., Jacob 1). The bandages would then be tightened everyday. This would cause the foot to be around 3 inches long, called lily feet, and sometimes making the toes fall off for miss of blood flow to them. A girl would be considered unacceptable if her feet were ugly and would not be considered f... ...ing it voluntarily so that they can bring the abortion to the countryside. due(p) to this the ration in China is 118 males to 100 females because there are half a million female abortions a year. Since there are so a couple of(prenominal) females teenage girls are sold for prostitution and $500 mail order brides since the late 1980s. This has also made the literacy rate of women fall, more than 70% of school dropouts are girls. Because of these dropouts more than 70% of Chinas semiliterate or illiterate people are women. In conclusion, the role of women in china has made a drastic change from being concubines to being mayors in major cities. Equality was something that took a long time to achieve but through all the hard work they have eventually overcome many obstacles but there are still many more that they need to work on. Perhaps women pull up stakes always be looked down upon because that is how it started and that is the origin of many peoples thoughts but achieving the status that they have today is a great success. Although the changes came at a later time than that of the west, equality in China took a shorter amount of time. All in all, Chinese women have had great success in their reforms.

Women’s Role in China Essay example -- Women Feminism Chinese Culture

Womens Role in ChinaThe emotional, sexual, and psychological stereotyping of females begins when the doctor says Its a girl.-Shirley Chislom- Women have had ever-changing roles in every society for centuries. Depending on the country, some women have had a harder time achieving equality. One of these countries is China. These women have faced such obstacles as animal stand spinal column to concubines. Until the twentieth century women were not considered equals in their society. Many cruel things were done to women in ancient china that are considered unfathomable in other countries. gibe to Confucius women werent equal to men because they were unworthy or incapable of literary education. This was as much as he mentioned women because it was such a natural conception to him that there was no need to mention it, as other early Chinese writers and theorists thought. Women were only considered space and had to obey their brothers and fathers no matter what. Fathers also detested their daughters to the point where instead of being named they were considered daughter number one and daughter number two, etc. Once the woman was married instead of being property to her brother and father, she was now property to her husband and mother in law, whom also despised the girl. It was also common for a husband to have three or four wives. If a womans husband were to die she was unable to remarry, sometimes causing women to commit suicide due to no food or income. If a woman were to remarry therefore her skin was peeled of her bones until she died. Another cruel act that was practiced in ancient china against women was foot binding. This tradition started around 1000 when an Emperor believed his concubines sm exclusively feet were beautiful. This process began when a girl was between three and eleven. Her toes were turned under her feet and pressed against the bottom of her foot. The arches were then broken as the foot was pulled straight with the leg, a long narrow cotton bandage would then be tightly wound around the foot from the toes to the ankle to hold to toes in place (W., Jacob 1). The bandages would then be tightened everyday. This would cause the foot to be around 3 inches long, called lily feet, and sometimes making the toes fall transfer for lack of blood flow to them. A girl would be considered unacceptable if her feet were ugly and would not be considered f... ...ing it voluntarily so that they can bring the abortion to the countryside. Due to this the ration in China is 118 males to 100 females because there are half a million female abortions a year. Since there are so few females teenage girls are sold for prostitution and $500 mail order brides since the late 1980s. This has also do the literacy rate of women fall, more than 70% of work dropouts are girls. Because of these dropouts more than 70% of Chinas semiliterate or illiterate people are women. In conclusion, the role of women in china has made a dra stic change from being concubines to being mayors in major cities. Equality was something that took a long time to achieve but through all the hard work they have eventually overcome many obstacles but there are still many more that they need to work on. by chance women will always be looked down upon because that is how it started and that is the origin of many peoples thoughts but achieving the status that they have today is a great success. Although the changes came at a later time than that of the west, equality in China took a shorter amount of time. All in all, Chinese women have had great success in their reforms.

Are Leaders Born or Made?

Leadership sets the tone for team development, and this implies its necessity in an organization. Possessing appropriate attractions skills drive a team in meeting its objectives. The means of acquiring such skills may be through nature or developmental programs. The tump over on whether attractions are do or born continues to trigger many thoughts, but none has come conclusively. This paper goes through the skills required for trenchant lead, and how such skills can be acquired, in an attempt to solve the puzzle of the debate. (b) Leaders are born and made.The question as to whether leadership is genetic completelyy acquired or developed remains a debate for decades evoking many opinions. Some scholars are of the idea that leaders are born natu telephone exchange intelligent, charismatic, visionary, strategic and able to rally and plan for teams around them. Some believe that leadership is an ongoing experience that requires training, development, mentoring and coaching. Some are of the opinion that leaders are both born and made whereby they possess cancel intelligence, which is enhanced with education, training, and mentorship.Developing a conclusive statement on this debate requires an understanding of leadership a leader is an individualistic who establishes directions for a team of individuals, one who gains commitments from the team towards the established direction, and one who motivates the team to achieve the directions expected outcomes (Manktelow and Brodbeck, 2006). A leader needs non to economic consumption the three elements in a leaders definition, in the eyes of other teams or fellow leaders. This is so because every team has its objectives and the means to stimulate the objectives differ amongst teams.The implication is that to fit in antithetical scenarios or teams an effective leader needs some intelligence, which cannot be attained by learning, but that which is a talent or acquired by nature. This is important in understanding the needs of every team and fitting into the needs of every team. In a majority of cases, naturally acquired skills and abilities play a crucial type in developing ones personality, interpersonal, and motivational skills, which motivates one to lead.However, having leadership genes is not all work experiences, education, mentorship, opportunities, and be a role model, are necessities that craft effective leadership. These are attained through learning, and from experiences. The implication is that leaders learn to lead through education programs, mentorship, experiences, and while playing divers(prenominal) leadership roles (Kets, 2004). Successful CEOs, like Bob McDonald of Procter & Gamble, Ginny Rometti of IBM, and John C. Maxwell started with a set of the team leading skills, and associated this with furthering their skills in different colleges.Such drives, ambitions, emotional st office, and extrovertive personalities may develop genetically. However, possessing such trai ts does not mean that these leaders are effective they learn from experiences and challenges, which demand developmental skills. To prepare for change of roles, they require necessary competencies so that they can communicate, shape strategies, solve problems, excel, and gift the capability to inspire and motivate others (Manktelow and Brodbeck, 2006).This, therefore, implies that leadership is acquired genetically, but requires to be nurtured if one is to be classified as an effective leader. Having leadership genes is not enough as such intelligence may not be diverse in meeting the needs of different groups. It requires nurturing, development and acquisition of skills so that one nonpluss flexible in coping with different personalities, and also motivates others (Kets, 2004). (c) Conclusion.Leadership is partly natural, partly nurtured and partly to self ability (Manktelow and Brodbeck, 2006). Most debaters in whether leaders are born or made overlook the self creative ability and nurturing element in defining leadership. However, being a leader by nature does not make a leader. Additionally, the passion of leadership cannot be achieved through experiences, and other developmental programs it requires a natural inspiration that comes from within an individual (Kets, 2004). Leadership, therefore, is both born and made.Are Leaders Born or MadeThe definition of leadership is the art of motivating a group of people to act towards achieving a common goal. Put in even simpler terms, the leader is the inspiration and director of the action. He or she is the person in the group that possesses the combination of personality and skills that makes others want to follow his or her direction (Ward). Which brings us to the closely basic and most often-asked question in all leadership development, are great leaders born or made? Some people believe that leaders are born with the set of skills to become a successful leader.While others believe that leadership can be le arned and developed through flavour. With that being said I am sure we have all been told once or more in our lives that leaders are born, not made that leadership is about ego, and nice guys finish last (Kjerulf, 2009). wellhead think again my friends, leaders are not born, they are made. What makes someone a good leader is the aspect of discovery. It is the set phrase of a person at their finest whose endeavor is to change something for the better and to expand this forthcoming in others.Many individuals often get caught up in believing that leadership is establish on a title or position but in reality this is far from the truth. Leadership qualities are derived by any individual who is enabled and back up to express themselves while working with purpose and meaning. Leadership is a process in which leaders and followers engage to achieve mutual goals. We are all leaders and followers at different times. Followership is not a passive role but a dynamic one Followers ensure that the leader follows the purpose (Owen, 2002).Leadership entails the following components passion, values, vision, knowledge, drive, and creativity. All components that develop from happiness and delightfulness in terms of something an individual enjoys, if a person is happy, you are going to seek a means to find the greatest good for the greatest number of people, making it possible for the individual to find a way to lead others to their happiness. Every individual has their own area of talent and inclination for success.These attributes, the things that individuals are passionate about, are the reasons why every one person can be a leader in their own means of enjoyment. Take for example a very quite and extroverted individual who has grown up throughout his/her entire life being an individual rather than a leader. He/she stumbles upon something they are madly passionate about, volunteering at animal shelters. In order for these thousands of animals to be saved and not euthanized, these volunteers have to find each and every animal a home within a certain amount of days.Being the extroverted individual he/she is, they reluctantly take a step back, but realize that without their strong passion and desire to lead his/her fellow volunteers these animals will be put to catch some Zs in a matter of no time. The simple meaning behind this example is that it is not about knowing every piece of advice on how to become a successful leader, or having the proper training, or being born with a set of skills to be able to lead but rather it is only when about having the passion and strength to lead individuals in a subject that he/she feels so strongly about in order to benefit the most number of people.

How does Robert Louis Stevenson Create a sense of Mystery, Horror and Suspense Essay

In the novella The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Robert Louise Stevenson uses many techniques to create a sense of mystery, annoyance and suspense. In this essay I will be analyzing some of these techniques in further depth. I will be explaining what effect these techniques will have on the indorser.The strange case of Dr Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was published in 1886 and is plausibly the best known of Stevensons novels. It concerns the fine divide between good and evil. In the book the referee finds out more about how and why Dr Jekyll created a potion that separates the good side from the evil side, of the person. Unfortunately he lost control of the situation, resulting in a takings of unfortunate events.Mr. Utterson is widely regarded as a good man, there is much evidence in The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr. Hyde to back this statement up. One segment of evidence to show this is when the reader is told some function eminently human beaconed from his eyes. This is a short and meaningful insight into the persona of Mr. Utterson. . We are also told that he had a approved tolerance for others. This is more evidence to show that he could empathise and care about commonwealth. This also makes the audience think that he will be tested. He is also said to be the last good influence in the lives of down going men, he is known to be a compassionate man, he looks to help people rather than judge them. This also makes the reader think that universe a client of Mr Utterson, Dr Jekyll may be doable in store to be coming into some trouble.We are told much about Dr Jekylls House in the novel. Showed no windows, what does it mean to the reader, why would this inexplicable character have no windows, what is he hiding, or what is hiding in there. This raises questions to the audience about the man, why would a man in a consider profession such as a doctor want to be living a life like this in a house with no windows. It says that the wall was discoloured and the it bore marks of prolonged and sordid negligence. This leads the audience to wonder, what would cause the walls to be discoloured and why does man take so little fleece in his abode. The writer Robert Louse Stevenson uses words like the word sordid to create an image of evil and wickedness. IT is said to be blistered and disdained and have neither bell or knocker.The later of the ii statements bears more negative connotations than the former. The fact that the house has no bell or knocker signifies to the reader that Dr Jekyll does not paying attention to be disturbed thus adding to the atmosphere of secrecy. Why would a man such like Dr Jekyll wish not to bothered what is he hiding in this house. The Final Statement regarding the dwelling of Dr Jekyll is typical of gothic writings of that era, it has secluded connotations that intrigue the reader in saying some place at the oddity of the world. It also conjures up images of evil when Enfield says Black winter morning. On rascal 11 the reader is recounted the story of how Mr. Hyde trampled over the child. This is most probably the best example of the Robert Lewis Stevenson using specific techniques to create an innate sense of horror. He uses a common technique of the era, using descriptive, detailed language to intensify the sense of horror. For instance he says some place at the end of the world about deuce-ace oclock of a black winter morning, he also goes on to say about how empty and lifeless the streets were. The reader is also made to impression fearful, wary and loathsome towards this living organism whom is said to have felt no remorse for the heinous act he had just committed. The writer instills these feelings within us by saying thing like the man trampled calmly over the childs body this not only makes the reader horrified that someone could do such a thing, is also exceedingly curious as to who this man could be and why is he so remorseless for what he has done.Mr. Enfield makes several accounts of Mr. Hydes persona. The path in which Mr. Enfield reacts to the sight of Mr. Hyde makes the reader believe he must be a truly horrible man to provoke such a reaction from a well respected man such as Mr. Enfield. Mr. Enfield Says that Hyde gave me one look, so ugly that it brought the sweat on me like running, The reader will this instant relate someone world hideously ugly to them being morally objectionable.He also says I had taken a loathing to the man at first sight the reader questions what could it be that causes him to beacon this loathsome aura. It is said by Enfield that it was not only him to feel this way towards Hyde I saw that sawbones turn sick and white with the desire to kill him the reader wonders what could practicable cause a man you whom had previously been described as emotionless to feel this way to a man he does not even know. The final account of Hyde is short but is nonetheless important it is when Hyde is described as being really l ike Satan. This is a grave accusation to make, saying that a man is like Satan the epitome of all that is evil. It is not delusive though Hyde is all that is evil within Dr. Jekyll.Mr. Enfield says that the man he saw was of the name Hyde. This name has a eerie ring to it, it carries a certain mystique. When people hear the name Hyde they immediately think of secrecy and what is the secrecy for. Later in the novel Utterson makes reference to Hydes name saying If he is Mr. Hyde accordingly I shall be Mr. Seek. This immediately makes the reader think of the childhood game hide and seek. If this mans name is Hyde then why must he be found, what will he do?One technique that Stevenson uses to great effect is withholding information about the character Mr. Hyde. Mr. Enfield says no sir I had a delicacy, I feel very strongly about putting questions. This is Enfield saying that he did not inquire too deeply about Hyde. This creates mystery and suspense. Hyde is a mysterious character who the reader knows very little about but is intrigued by. Suspense is created by the fear of what this man is going to do. Enfield and Utterson also agree not to lambast about this man again. This makes the reader incredibly suspicious of why it is that these two men do not wish to speak about this incident.Mr. Utterson states on page fifteen that already knows of Mr. Hyde saying The fact is, if I do not ask you the name of the other party, it is because I know it already. This shows to the reader that Mr. Utterson knows more than he is letting on. This makes the audience suspicious as to why a good man like Utterson would feel the need to keep this information to himself.Chapter twoDr. Jekylls will is very bizarre it says that in the case of Dr. Jekylls disappearance or unexplained absence for any period exceeding three calendar months, the said Edward Hyde should step into the said Henry Jekylls shoes without further delay. This engages the readers interest as to what the connecti on is between Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Its irrationality is said to have offended Mr. Utterson both as a lawyer and a lover of the sane. It is strange because it does not say that he should be dead before he steps in.Mr. Utterson is left baffled by what has been written in Jekylls will and decides to go visit Dr. Lanyon. Lanyon tells Utterson that ten long time ago he began to go wrong in the mind. This raises suspicions in the readers mind about Dr. Jekyll now that they see that one of his dearest friends now speaks of him in such a way. He sys that his unscientific balderdash was so delirious and immoral that is could have estranged Damon and Pythias who in Greek mythology are known for being inseparable friends. The reader must wonder what it is that Dr. Jekyll did to provoke such a claim from a close friend.Lanyon says to Utterson that he knows not of Hyde. This makes the audience suspicious of how it is possible for a man who claims to have been so close to Dr. Jekyll, but does not even know the man who he wishes to leave his entire estate to.We are told that Mr. Enfields imagination also was engaged, or rather enslaved as he lay and tossed in the gross darkness of the night. Stevenson tells the reader that Utterson is imagining all of the terrible things that this Hyde character could have done. This automatically makes the reader imagine which builds up a sense of horror in the readers mind.We are told that Utterson did not know what Hyde looked like. Like Mr. Utterson the reader will imagine the worst of what Mr. Hyde looks like. He is described as a human Juggernaut the word Juggernaut instills images of an untamed beast that you must be cautious around. It was the face of a man who was without bowels of mercy This makes the reader tense about how terrible this man could be. Spirit of enduring hatred it could be because of the way Enfield reacted to this man that has caused Utterson to feel this way.When Utterson finally meets Hyde it is a very Dramat ic tense scene full of typical language from gothic writings of that era e.g. it was a fine dry night, frost in the air, the streets as clean as a ball room this is typical extremely descriptive scene setting. From previous descriptions of Mr. Hyde the reader can only expect the worse for Mr. Utterson.

Planning a Lesson Module 1

CourseTeaching cargonant Level1 Q1. overhaul examples of how you would plan activities. Under the direction of the teacher, you will discuss and fully image your enjoyment within the teachers lesson plan. The teacher will have previously completed long and medium term plans for the class. The class teachers short terms plan for the week bottom be broken down into daily plans. These will give you an idea of the number of children involved in the skill objective, previous learning, environment, resources procurable and a time scales.Which psyches or groups of children atomic number 18 to mildew on t needs at a particular time, taking into account individual needs and interests, grouping together children with similar abilities so that they are working towards the same targets, and give an indication of whether they are to be adjudgeed by an adult. This is a great opportunity for you the TA to get involved with the weekly plan and to contribute your own ideas to the planning session. You are aware in advance of what you are required to do. There are clear graphic symbols and responsibilities for you working together with the teacher to support the disciples. The work you are covering fits in with the activities and topics which have been planned for the term. You are aware of where, when, what and who you will be working with. The objectives of the learning bodily process. The type and level of support the pupils may need. The above established you can start preparing and organising for the learning activity Where the learning activity is beingness taken place is there sufficient space for the learning activity. What resources may be needed are the resources readily available and accessible, do you need to bring in furniture or equipment for implementing the learning activities. Who you will be supporting individuals, groups or perhaps a SEN pupil, in the takings of a SEN pupil, you may want to gather further information on the pupil for example y ou should be aware of the IEPs and PSPs Q2. Describe your role in delivering learning activities Know and understand the objectives of the learning activities and strategies for supporting pupils and ensure you share the same goals as the teacher.Example of an Individual Lesson plan for Geography Learning accusive For pupils to be familiar with and understand the water system cycle. Introduction Find out what the children know about the water cycle. Class discuss to go to how much they can remember about water from the previous lesson. Main part of lesson Children to work in groups Group 1 Work with teacher, utilize the internet and reference books to see what they can find out. Group 2 Work with TA using artwork and models to explain what happens. Group 3 Work independently to explain the water cycle, in their own words and diagrams.Conclusion Children to discuss what they have found out and give examples. As a TA you would Prepare the learning environment to come across the ne eds of all the pupils. Provide appropriate learning activities for the individual or group, selecting the appropriate learning materials required. Maintaining pupil safety at all times. Interacting with the pupils, using eulogy and encouragement. Observe the pupils responses. Assist the teacher in the execution of set tasks, e. g. setting up and clearing the classroom before and after activities.Assist in the production of inform aids and preparation of work for the pupils as required, charts, displays, worksheets, etc. Provide general classroom help. Making accurate and detailed records of what has been planned and delivered. Take a pro-active role and use initiative within the classroom. Q3. Make a list of the things expected from you as part of your role in supporting an individual pupil or group of pupils. Adapt activities that will encourage independent learning and provide challenges. Ensure the pupils understand and follow the teachers instructions.Help the pupils to use e quipment and resources that is relevant to the learning activity. Supporting the pupils in enabling them to gain independence and participate fully in the computer program. Challenge the pupils thinking and observe individual pupils progress and achievements. Provide cogitate support to help pupils move to the next level of learning. Be adaptable, have empathy but also follow the schools unequivocal discipline guidelines. Give the pupils choices and praise. Q4. Think about your role and responsibilities as a teach assistant.List examples of your own general and specific tasks. 1. Supervise individuals / groups of pupils during specified learning activities, as directed by the class teacher. 2. Assist in preparing and maintaining an effective learning environment for pupils. 3. Getting the classroom ready for lessons. 4. Listen to children read and reading to them. 5. Helping children who need scanty support to complete tasks. 6. Taking care of children who are upset or have had accidents. 7. Clearing a right smart materials and equipment after lessons. 8. Helping with outings and sports events. . Assist in the implementation of Individual Education Programmes for students and help monitor their progress. 10. Provide support for individual students inside and outside the classroom to enable them to fully participate in activities. 11. Assist class teachers with maintaining student records. 12. Prepare and present displays of students work. 13. Support class teachers in photocopying and other tasks in order to support teaching. Q5. Briefly describe the role of the teaching assistant in relation to the teacher. instructors RoleThe teacher is trustworthy for planning and delivering of the National / Early Years Curriculum. To teach pupils to their educational needs. Assess record and spread over development. They are also responsible for all adults within the learning environment. Communicate and consult with parents. Teaching Assistant Plan and prepare wo rk alongside the teacher Support learning activities effectively, as directed by the teacher. Assess / evaluate pupils work, as directed by the teacher. Report any problems / queries to the teacher Give feedback to the teacher following planned activities. Q6.Briefly outline the role and responsibilities of Head Teacher, Deputy Head Teacher, SENCO, tell stage co-ordinators, subject co-ordinators, class teacher. The Head Teacher The role of the Head Teacher is to manage all aspects of the school and all of those within it, as well as making sure the curriculum are being effectively taught and managed. The Head is answerable to parents, Ofsted and the local authority for the smooth running of the school. The Deputy Head Works closely with the Head, when the Head Teacher is missing from the school, the Deputy is responsible for its management.The Deputy will usually work as a Teacher however he will still be responsible for running the day to day arrangements such as supply staff or training courses. He will liaise with the Head on a daily basis concerning the days priorities. SENCO Is responsible for the managing of children with special needs throughout the school. Keeping records on all these children as well as being responsible for the management of individual support assistants in the school. SENCO are the line of contact for any outside agency, i. e. Speech and Language, Educational Psychologist.Key Stage Co-ordinators Employed to backsheesh and manage either Key Stage 1 or 2. They usually also have a class teaching commitment Subject Key Stage Co-ordinatorsResponsible for the leadership and management of a particular curriculum subject. Class teachers may be expected to accept responsibility for an area of the curriculum as part of their normal professional duties The Teacher / Subject teacher Plan, prepare and deliver lessons to meet the needs of all pupils, setting and marking work and recording pupil development as necessary.Includes advanced skills teachers and supply teachers. Often work in partnership with teaching assistants Q7. Give examples of how to promote independent learning, e. g. using ICT skills. Give positive encouragement and praise this gives a pupil a feeling of achievement and the desire to continue with the learning activity. Listen let the pupil see that you are listening to what they are saying, that you are taking notice of their contributions, this will build confident in their own abilities. Motivate Give them positive experiences which are interesting and can be made real for them.Resources Ensure that the relevant resources are available to them so they dont need to ask for help, make things available and accessible. RepetitionReminding a pupil what the teacher has said and encouraging them to think about what they are doing, without giving them the answer. InstructionFollowing travel to complete a task, asking them simple questions, Do you think this is the best way to do it or Why do you think this is the best way. FacilitatingGiving the pupils the tools to carry out a task and discover the outcome, again encourage the child to talk you through what they are doing and why.ICT Encourage the children to access, enter, save and notice information independently, to research and interpret information to support work in other subjects. Encourage them to write themselves reminders for accessing different programmes. Q8. What strategies can be used to support pupils learning activities? Create a positive learning environment. Adapt learning activities to support each individuals needs. Encourage independent learning. Prompt shy or self-effacing pupils. Ask open-ended questions to encourage their participation, also to see their understanding of the subject.Look for and note any common problems that the pupils have or mistakes made, this will enable the teacher to cut across these at a future learning activity. Give pupils choices and only give further assistance if required. C heck pupils work and encourage them to correct their own mistakes restate or explain information used by the teacher, i. e. words / phrases. Organise and participate in appropriate play activities or games. Ensure that all pupils have and concentrate Listen, respect and value the pupils. Gain the pupils trust and confidence.

Dangerous Sport

Sports are an indispensable part of human life. However, some are considered to be more dangerous than the others. Because of the dangers those merriments can lead to, umpteen people believe they should be banned. In this essay, I will discuss why dangerous sports should non be allowed. Firstly, human life is undoubtedly precious. If somebody, for example, dies of a dangerous sport his family would be very upset. This is also a loss to the society considering the fact everybody has to take place twelve years on schooling.Next, sports are meant to sponsor people improve their health. For instance, playing table tennis should give you a better level of reflection. Hence, on that point is no need to suffer life impending sports. Moreover, dangerous sports can result in serious injuries. Even though the lives of the people playing this flesh of sports can be saved, they still possibly have to suffer from permanent injuries which can make them disabled. Hence, preventing people from this kind of sports can reduce the chances of permanent injuries from sport related accidents.Finally, a challenging sport involve not be dangerous. It is commonly believed that people like to play dangerous sports because they are considered to be more challenging. However, there are many challenging sports which do not require people to face dangers. To sum up, I would strongly recommend that dangerous sports should be banned from our societies. Because they do not contribute to the developing of human life and because of the dangers people could face, safer sports should be considered as the best alternative.Dangerous SportSports are an indispensable part of human life. However, some are considered to be more dangerous than the others. Because of the dangers those sports can lead to, many people believe they should be banned. In this essay, I will discuss why dangerous sports should not be allowed. Firstly, human life is undoubtedly precious. If somebody, for example, dies of a dangerous sport his family would be very upset. This is also a loss to the society considering the fact everybody has to spend twelve years on schooling.Next, sports are meant to help people improve their health. For instance, playing table tennis should give you a better level of reflection. Hence, there is no need to have life threatening sports. Moreover, dangerous sports can result in serious injuries. Even though the lives of the people playing this kind of sports can be saved, they still possibly have to suffer from permanent injuries which can make them disabled. Hence, preventing people from this kind of sports can reduce the chances of permanent injuries from sport related accidents.Finally, a challenging sport needs not be dangerous. It is commonly believed that people like to play dangerous sports because they are considered to be more challenging. However, there are many challenging sports which do not require people to face dangers. To sum up, I would strongly rec ommend that dangerous sports should be banned from our societies. Because they do not contribute to the development of human life and because of the dangers people could face, safer sports should be considered as the best alternative.

It205 – Hardware Replacement Project

Hardw atomic number 18 Replacement compute IT/205 Management of Information systems June 24, 2012 Cristina Oliver Hardware Replacement Project The IT department is implementing a refreshful CRM solution in its corporate offices. The computer hardware currently in use is out of date and get out not tide over the CRM screening. The hardware must be replaced former to deployment. Resource Ch. 11 of Essentials of Management Information Systems Write a 1,050- to 1,750-word paper that addresses the following How do the five major variables of count on managementscope, time, cost, shade, and riskrelate to this scenario?What considerations must be applied when selecting purges that deliver the best business value? What factors that influence project risk? What strategies would you remember for minimizing this projects risks? * The Information Technology department is implementing a new CRM (Customer Relationship Management) solution in its corporate offices but what we found is t hat the current hardware is out-of-data and bequeath not support the new CRM application, so to implement the new CRM solution we must upgrade all the hardware prior to deployment of the CRM application.The assessment of scope, time, cost, bore and risk are the five variables needed to consider when political programning out this project of the hardware replacement for the CRM application. Project management refers to the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to achieve unique(predicate) targets within specific figures (Laudon & Laudon, 2011, P. 397). The project managers position is to align the project to meet the necessary target in which they must estimate resources required for the work (materials and people), plan the work, assign and direct the work, report progress, analyze the results, acquire materials, and assesses the risk.In implementing the CRM project we see that the project scope is to have all hardware replaced. Hardware that would be replaced are desktops, servers and mayhap handheld devices. Prior to installation of hardware to the corporate offices in that location give be installation of the software which includes operating systems, standard company applications and the new CRM application, testing of the applications and hardware in the test environment prior to testing on the production network and just before replace of the hardware to the offices there will be education cookery and then a small department rollout to verify and finalize any risks.We need to figure a pragmatic time to achieve our target on the CRM project as time. What will be needed is to break down each component into separate tasks and activities so each team has time to accomplish their tasks. Remember that each task given is dependent for the next task to succeed. This give a schedule of when the project may be completed. Costs are based on the time to complete a project multiplied by the daily cost of homo resources required to complete the project (Laudon & Laudon, 2011, P. 399). Costs also include the hardware, software and real estate of where someone sits when doing the work.The project manager is responsible for developing the budget as well as monitoring the expenses of the on exit project elbow greaseing not to go over their projected budget. Quality is the indication of how well the project is going and also how well the end result satisfies the objects requested by management. Quality defines the workmanship, accuracy and the timelines of the information produced by the new system being implemented. Quality grants a more positive outcome within the project team as well as management. Risk are something that happens with all projects as they are potential difference problems that threaten the success of a project.The problems that could arise can prevent a project from meeting its timelines by increasing time and costs, lowering the quality of the output or possibly preventing the project altogether. Whe n given the project timeline it is normally given some of the risks involved with each tasks and within the project there is the attempt to give buffer time should those risks appear. Considerations that must be applied when selecting projects that deliver the best business value are benefits and costs. In the long or possibly short are the benefits that can regain costs and possibly or will increase financial gains for the business.The company take to realize the CRM application if it will indeed benefit from this application and that the application covers all aspects of what the required objectives. Obviously if the company purchases the CRM application and doesnt meet the requirements then the project will not reap the benefits or costs. Other considerations are training and maintenance of the hardware, software and application. Without training of the application how would one know how to use it to its full potential? gentility is planned and designed for the various users an d departments.With the CRM application each department will have their specific requirements as to what they will use it for and what they can and cannot access. The IT group will be trained on how to support the application and how to maintain and upgrade when needed. This leads into maintenance which is never cost effective but normally mandatory for reasons of fastening application bugs or hardware upgrades and even operating system updates. Factors or levels that may influence project risk are size of the project, structure of the project and the level of technical expertise (SME Subject Matter Experts) of the IT staff and project team.Other considerations are consultants if the IT staff is does not have the technical expertise although proper training or shadowing will need to be involved of the consultant to an IT staff. Other factors such as not clear or straightforward requirements or even new technology that the project team does not know the technology can influence the project risk. Even user acceptance of the application is a major factor as some dont like change or fear new products. There are many a(prenominal) factors that can influence the risk of the project.Strategies that I would use to minimize the project risk would be to enhance people whom are SME with products that we are looking to implement, recruit project managers that are expertise in information technology and use the correct tools to manage the project and the deliverables. Implement the proper changes management in enkindle to have the changes documented in case need to revert back and mend sure everything is tested in a test environment prior to placing into a production environment. Train the staff and end-users to make sure everyone is comfortable with the new system.People fear change and to have an in-depth training program will go away the end-users more comfort with the product and in themselves. The number strategy I would use to minimize project risk is communica tion. Making sure that everyone is on the equal page with the deadlines and deliverables. Understanding the timeframe and what need to be done to accomplish the project. The project team needs to see the possible risks that are involved and how they could avoid these risks and make sure they are all documented.I believe that the best practices for managing this project are hiring project managers that have managed successful project in the IT field and have them hand with the leads of the IT teams to set realistic timeframes to measure the progress of the tasks to overall meet the deliverables and the end date of the project. Communication to the company executives to make sure they understand the timeframe of the project and the implantation of each task and what dates they will be accomplished as well as verifying what are the requirements of management for the project.With regards to all this the project manager will put a project plan with timeframes and risks to hand out to all the project team and management so everyone understands what is involved and what deadlines each team needs to make. Make such dates will show quality to management and the company allowing a much smoother transition to the new CRM application and hardware. Reference Laudon, K. P. , & Laudon, J. P. (2011). Essentials of MIS (9th ed. ). f number Saddle River, NJ Prentice Hall.

High school days worth remembering as I found myself Essay

Life is only provided a matter of constancy, with the changing seasons and tides cutting the be age of the lives of men. The progression of the life of being a student retains a significant room in my thoughts as my high school days pull up stakes always be remembered, if not by everybody else, at least by myself. Or so I think at least by myself, lest I forget that I had the compevery of good friends along the way. They never abandoned me in dates when I need them most. I was there for them when they, too, need soul to be with. It is only a fraction of what sum of good deeds I must or feel to give them in return.And this is what I desire most in my high school days, apart from everything else that contributed to my identity of who I am today. High school has given me the highest chances of expanding my view not only of myself but also to the people around me. This is whether they liked me or not, or whether they ever know me at all. I must say, friendship has given a deeper scent out of camaraderie and that my friends get down occupied my thoughts everyday. The bond of friendship I had is what I liked most, although at times tests on friendship seem to erode the tight relationship I had with my folks.My friends and I usually hung-out on one of our camps, the term we call the official hang-out place of the group. And more(prenominal) often than not, these camps were usually the houses of those who were just near the school. My friends always bring with them loads of food, and stuff that we can use to spend our time away especially during weekends. As much as we love listen to music, my friends also play several instruments, bringing with them guitars and percussion instruments as we fill the room with melodyalbeit gruesome in lazy days.I remember the days and nights that our circle of friends spent together, lazy afternoons that encircled us until dawn with frivolous stories and flights of our fantasies as the clouds hover above us like sluggish c ottons against a orbit of sunburst orange, cold and rainy days that made us huddle together and make remarks on our facial expressions. I remember, too, the high school gatherings we attended and left wing without hesitation and without anticipation of what may stand ahead of us.All we know is that we have severally other and the world did not matter much anymore. I remember these and them very well. These friends of mine in high school are the some of the classmates I had during those years, expanding as time moved ahead of us effortlessly while we toil in our daily tasks in the academe. We were classmates, and we were friends, treating each other more like brothers and sisters whose family names never really mattered, or from which place each of us came from, or from what little we know or from what much we oftentimes misunderstand.We were an eager bunch of students, whose friendship gathered itself across the days and months, sweeping us together amidst the diversity we were i nto. I hated moments that were spent on the nothingness of empty thinking of sitting alone with no one to talk to as people crevice me by as if I was not there, not even my shadow. I also hated those times when I could hardly pass my exams and quizzes just because I was not able to remember the details in the subjects after memorizing in agonizing hours during the most unholy hours of the night.But above all these, the one thing I hated the most during my high school years was my inability to completely beat deadlines for I was always short in passing requirements although I make certain that I pour my best efforts in completing what has to be done. Perhaps I took a lot of time finishing-off my requirements never being full aware that my time is greatly affected. Adjustments had to be made, and during those years I kept on adjusting, never knowing exactly where I am heading to but still braving the path that few dared to wander through.And so, in the end, I remembered them all even though I seem to have lost myself. I thought I was never really able to arrive at a point wherein I can know more about myself, of who I really am. Yet my friends were my eyes, and in them I saw myself clearly reflected in those precious organs of vision that gripped my being far tighter than any embrace could offer. I remember my high school days very well, and I remember myself even more as much as I remember my friends.

Major factors in the social environment Essay

1. appoint and explain the Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility. Provide several examples of each layer of the pyramid. Identify and dissertate some of the tensions among the layers or components. PELE2. In your review, what is the single strongest argument against the idea of corporeal social responsibility? What is the single strongest argument for corporate social responsibility? curtly explain3. disunite between corporate social responsibility and corporate social responsiveness. Give an example of each. How does corporate social performance relate to these cost? Where does corporate citizenship fit in?4. Analyse how the triple bottom-line and the Pyramid of CSR are similar and different. Draw a schematic that shows how the both concepts relate to one another.Chapter 3 & 41. Explain the concepts of stake and stakeholder from your perspective as an individual. What kinds of stakes and stakeholders do you have? Discuss.2. Explain in your own words the differences betwee n the production, managerial and stakeholder views of the firm.3. Differentiate between primary and secondary social and nonsocial stakeholders in a business sector situation. Give examples of each.4. How is effective stakeholder management related to sustainability and sustainable development on the part of the companies?5. How net a firm transition from Level 1 to Level 3 of stakeholder management capability (SMC)? Is the stakeholder corporation a realistic role model for business firms? Will stakeholder corporations become more prevalent in the 21st century? wherefore or why not?6. Explain the evolution of corporate arrangement. What problems developed? What are the current trends?7. What are the major criticisms of boards of directors? Which single criticism do you find to be the most of the essence(predicate)? Why?8. Explain how governance failures such as Enron could happen. How might they be avoided?9. Outline the major suggestions that have been set forth for improving corporate governance. In your opinion, which suggestions are the most strategic? Why?10. In what ship canal have companies taken the initiative in becoming more responsive to owners/stakeholders? Where would you like to see more improvement? Discuss.Chapter 51. Explain the relationship between corporate public policy and strategic management.2. Which of the four strategy levels is most concerned with social, ethical, or public issues? Discuss the characteristics of this level.3. Identify the steps involved in the strategic management process.4. What is the difference between a social audit and a social performance report? Why are social performance reports increasing in popularity?5. What is the difference between public relations and public affairs? Why has there been confusion regarding these two concepts?6. Why do you think global public affairs is a major growth area? Give specific reasons for your answer.7. Differentiate between a collaborative or problem-solving strategy and an individualistic or adversarial strategy. Which seems to be more effective in corporate public affairs?8. What are the major ways in which public affairs might be incorporated into every managers job? Rank them in terms of what you think their strike might be.Chapter 61. Which of the major stages in the issues management process do you think is the most important? Why?2. Following the approach indicated in excogitation 6-1, identify a new issue category not listed in Figure 6-1. Identify several examples of crises that have occurred in recent years under each issue category.3. Identify one example, other than those listed in Figure 6-4, of each of the leading force categories events, authorities/advocates, literature, organizations, and political jurisdictions.4. Identify a crisis that has occurred in your life or in the life of someone you know, and briefly explain it in terms of the four crisis stages prodromal, acute, chronic, and resolution.5. Do seek on the impacts on bus iness organizations of the attacks on the World Trade Center in New York and the scandals of the early to mid-2000s. What have been successful and unsuccessful examples of crisis management that have come out of this research? Is terrorism a likely crisis for which business may prepare? How does preparation for terrorism (which comes from without) compare with preparation for ethical scandals (which come from within)?Chapter 71. Give a definition of ethical business behavior, explain the components involved in devising ethical decisions, and give an example from your in-person experience of the difficulties involved in making these determinations.2. To demonstrate that you understand the three models of management ethics-moral, immoral, and amoral-give an example, from your personal experience, of each type. Do you agree that amorality is a serious problem? Explain.3. Give examples, from your personal experience, of Kohlbergs Levels 1, 2, and 3.If you do not think Chapter 7 Busine ss Ethics Fundamentals 221 you have ever gotten to Level 3, give an example of what it might be like.4. Compare your motivations to practise ethically with those listed in Figure 7-14. Do the reasons given in that figure agree with your personal assessment? Discuss the similarities and differences between Figure 7-14 and your personal assessment.5. From your personal experience, give an example of a situation you have faced that would require one of the six elements of moral judgment.Chapter 151. What is sustainability?2. What are several of the most important environmental issues now receiving worldwide attention?3. What are some of the causes of environmental pollution and depletion?4. What is the future outlook for the natural environment?5. Who has responsibility for addressing environmental issues?6. How can ethics be applied in response to environmental issues?7. What are some examples of sustainable business and decision models for addressing environ_ mental concerns?8. Shou ld businesses and societies continue to focus on unlimited economic growth?Chapter 161. Outline the essential steps involved in developing a community action program.

Bureaucracy Essays Examples Essay

presentmentGiven the subject matter of this essay revolves around bureaucratism, and minded(p) that bureaucratism is concerned with rules and order, it seems fitting to outset begin with an official rendering of the term A system of government in which skillful about of the weighty decisions be make by state officials rather than by elected representatives a state or organization governed or managed according to such a system. This essay go out break d take how this definition came to the highest degree and where bureaucratism first originated before moving onto explore its unintended consequences and some of its original uses term counter balancing this with some of its more positive attributes. I shall opinion at the modern font cases of bureaucratism and weigh up whether in that respect is a place for it in the modern world and if not whether lay bureaucracy is more fitting. Finally I shall conclude by attempting to come down on nonp beil side of the argument as to whether in circumstance bureaucracy is bad.Bureaucracy as an suppositionl guinea pig and realize of power make up on legitimate bureau Max Weber was a German social scientist (1864-1920) who was concerned with the question of what held societies together, he came to the conclusion that it was down to trust which allows those who have the right of genuineness to give orders (Wilson, 1999). Weber questi whizzd what the power of this authority was found on, because in most societies it is not based on force, fear or coercion. This authority previously came about in dickens main ways authority based on charisma (the ain authority of a particular man-to-man) or authority based on tradition (the established authority of institutions) (Grey, 2009). However, Weber put forward the idea that these previous pillow slips of authority were progressively existence overshadowed by rational-legal authority in modern societies (systems of rules devised for rational reasons).Webe r was writing at a time where organisations were growing at a rate not seen before. He was commentating o the duty period that he was directly seeing. The idea of this rationality in society and organisations is not a in the altogether unmatchable and indeed in Webers study regarding the set up of capitalism he argued that it owed a bulky amount to the practices of the Calvinist Church which was itself involved in logicalcalculative thought. This rationalisation washbowl be delimit as a process whereby the bureau chose to pursue ends john be determined by logical and rational count (Wilson, 1999). When applied to organisations, this rational-legal authority manner bureaucracy.When Weber was putting forward his ideas regarding bureaucracy he discussed it as an deification oddball however a common misconception is that by this Weber meant bureaucracy was a desirable ideal when in fact he despaired of how dominant this organisational structure was becoming. The ideal ins titutecase is obviously a subjective element in social theory and research which frame of referenceed from characteristics and elements of the given phenomena, but it is not meant to correspond to all of the characteristics of any one particular case. According to Wilson (1999) the ideal type of bureaucracy is governed by a formal set of rules and procedures that ensures that operations and activities atomic number 18 carried out in a predictable, uniform and impersonal manner.This comes from the four foundational aspects that according to Weber bureaucracy consist of functional strong suit (the formal division of labour), power structure of authority (the structure that gives those in a superior position authority, simply because they h former(a) that position), system of rules (e real amour is based upon following a formal set of written rules about practices and procedures) and impersonality (rules are followed without regard for emotions) (Grey, 2009). According to Weber it was these four concepts that meant bureaucracy was the most technically effective and rational form of organisations, it was adopted because it was simply better than any other system.Form of rationality it promotes (subservient/formal vs. value/substantive) It is exonerate to see that bureaucracy promotes an instrumental form of rationality, which is a type of decision making which is subject to calculation that goes into an action to increase its chance of success. Its decisive feature is that it eliminates an orientation to values because they are non-technical. Rationality is instrumental (formal) when problems are solved by the application of technical criteria. In opposition, substantive (value) rationality is a type of decision making which is subject to values and an appeal to ethical norms this is not something that bureaucracy isconcerned with especially given substantive rationality does not take into account the nature of outcomes.Weber besides conclude that bureauc racy was substantively irrational following his treat and reading on the overall societal effects of its rise (Grey, 2009). This is where Weber coined his term of The Iron Cage of rationality. The idea was that because bureaucracy was becoming so dominant in every aspect of life and massage more and more concourses lives were lived within the constraints of a rationalised system. Grey (2009) takes it ones step further and claims that bureaucracy nethermines our very humanity. Whilst this may seem ludicrous, he presents a very interesting idea. We live in a world in which every experience is organised from the infirmary in which we are born to the undertakers that take us to our graves (Grey, 2009).Unintended consequences/Dysfunctions of bureaucracy (Blau, Gouldner, Merton) It is already work to see that bureaucracy may not be without its problems, or unintended consequences. The word itself in the modern day world is often frowned on and associated with roll in the hays of red videotape as considerably as a needless(prenominal) waste and pedantic obsession with rules (Grey, 2009). It is indwelling in many organisations nowadays that at that place is a paper trail, so that it can be proved everything was done how it was meant to be. However, the unintended consequences of bureaucracy go very much further than this and begin with the idea that bureaucracy is thought of as a mechanical form of organisation. Whilst this means that every part is designed perfectly and operates in a predictable and beat way, it also means that the people within the organisation have to function as if they are merely cogs which lead to a number of key unintended consequences.There is firstly an free regarding the levels of need among employees. A lack of personal commitment is bred from having to follow set rules and having no discretion about doing so. These standard procedures that must be followed also provides little interest or stimulation for employees which again weakens their commitment to the organisation. It is not a new idea that motivation is clearly linked to job satisfaction and that higher motivation leads to better work performance. It whence follows that in bureaucracies where motivation is low employees will simply perform suboptimally meaning they are not as efficient as first thought. Following on from the above problem, is that this lack of motivation often translates into poor customer service. Employees will simply follow rules and procedures concealmently with little regard for the customer in the process. Bureaucratic rules are also designed for the benefit of the organisation, not the customer meaning they will not be swapd to suit the demands of one individual.A final key problem involves a resistance to innovation and change. In a bureaucracy once rules are made they will only change very slowly, if at all. This is specifically a problem for organisations that exist in markets with volatile and uncertain conditions . It is well known now that to keep up with competition an organisation must change with the times or will disappear because it cannot keep up with changing markets. It also stifles individual freedom many of the trounce ideas within organisations come from the bottom up, but bureaucracy destroys this initiative as there is little bureaucrats abhor more than innovation, especially innovation that produces better results than the old routines. Improvements always make those at the top look inept (Herbert, 1984).There are also a number of dysfunctions of bureaucracy which have been written about by a number of theorists primarily Merton (1940), Blau (1955) and Selznick (1949). Merton (1940) addressed a core theoretical and practical issue with his concept of intent displacement. His argument is an interesting one, and one that can be clearly seen in the functionals practices of bureaucracies in modern day organisations. He claims that people in bureaucracies started to see follow ing the rules as the goal or purpose rather than the effect that the rule was supposed to produce. Goal displacement became about doing the thing right, rather than doing the right thing (Merton (1940). This is perhaps where the negative connotations about bureaucracy come from, this slavish adherence to rules (Grey, 2009) becomes the end in itself and becomes central to the concept of red tape which people have come to loathe. Merton termed this as the bureaucratic personality, where someone was so busy adhering to official rules that they lose sight of the aims of the organisation.Selznick (1949) undertook a number of studies that support Mertons (1940) theory of goal displacement. His studies found that the divisionalised structures a key aspect of bureaucratic organisations led to employees being concerned only with the aims, rules and procedures of their division with total disregard for the organisations aims as a whole. This disjointedness among divisions meant employees pursued divisional interests often at the expense of the organisation with delivers, what Grey (2009) calls organisationally sub optimal outcomes.Blau (1955) looked at one of the dysfunctions of bureaucracy via the trade union tactic known as work to rule. This means exactly what the terms suggests, employees abjure to do anything over and above the formal and established rules of their contract or workplace. Similarly if they are contractual obliged to do something, but the rules are not laid out on exactly how to do it, they constantly ask for assistance or guidance. The reason this is done is to dismantle organisations. However, Blau addresses the important question that rules under a bureaucratic system are supposedly meant to be a good thing as they are meant to establish the most efficient way of doing something so how can following them religiously disrupt an organisation. Blau answers his own question and states that following the rules to the letter without using your ow n initiative is actually not the most efficient way of organising which undermines the whole model of bureaucracy.Whilst the work of Merton, Selznick and Blau show that following bureaucratic rules to the letter may not lead to efficiency there is the work of Crozier (1964) and Gouldner (1954) which is in diametric opposition to this. The issue is not over attachment of rules but instead a total disregard for them. Gouldner (1954) introduced the concept of fling bureaucracy after his investigation into a gypsum mine revealed its presence. Despite the impressive array of rules and regulations (Grey, 2009) found in formal rulebooks, in practice these were ignored. This was specifically noticed in regard to the safety regulations in the mines and is homely today in the disregard for a number of safety regulations that exist in potentially knockout industries such a building sites and chemical plants. Despite the fact that goal displacement and mock bureaucracy are diametrically oppos ed, both undermine the bureaucratic model.Bureaucracy as a source of extreme power (Bauman)It would be an injustice not to use the case of the Holocaust to play up what can befall when bureaucracy is used as a source of extreme power. Wilson (1999) notes that in bureaucracy personal relationships are excluded from everyday life which may go some way to explaining the detachment Nazi soldiers were able to show to their victims. Bauman (1989) wrote prominently on the subject in a book entitled Modernity and the Holocaust. According to Bauman, dreadful though the Nazi regime was, the genocide was simply an extreme application of bureaucratic logic with a system of rules, uniformity, impersonality and technical efficiency (Bauman, 1989).Shooting of victims was, after a while, deemed to be insufficiently productive mainly due to the large numbers to be killed. The Nazi regime therefore found a new way, in the form of permanent concrete gas chambers in which the perpetrators need not see, notice or feel the human consequences of their actions (Russell and Gregory, 2005). This also backs up a prior point I made regarding the instrumental rationality involved within bureaucracy. Such indifference and neutrality to human life shows that bureaucratic practices can in no way, or from no angle, been seen as substantively rational.Contemporary manifestations of bureaucracy, scrutinise tillages (Power, 1997) and McDonaldisation (Ritzer, 1993 and 2003) Contemporary manifestations of bureaucracy are all around us, though the most obvious manikin is that of McDonaldisation (Ritzer, 1993). At the time, Ritzer claimed that fast forage restaurants were the new model of rationalisation however, in the 21st century we know that this model of rationalisation, which is built on many ideas found in bureaucracy, is by no means confined to the fast food industry. Ritzer (1993) defined McDonaldisation as a process by which the principles of the fast food restaurant are coming to look out on more and more sectors of US society as well as that of the rest of the world. intravenous feeding basic dimensions lie at the heart of the success of McDonalds (and as such McDonaldisation) efficiency, calcul susceptibility, predictability and increased simplicity. Ritzer was quick to highlight the negatives of McDonaldisation and believes that McDonalised systems through their rules, regulations and scripts encroach upon us and ultimately threaten the ability of people working within these systems to call up intelligently. This was what Grey (2009) was implying when he spoke of employees merely being cogs in a machine. Ritzer also carries on Webers theory of The Iron Cage by describing that this iron cage is being constructed, second by piece, by the various organisations and institutions that follow McDonalds model.Audit cultures are also an increasing phenomenon in modern day bureaucracies. Power (1977) authored a book called The Audit Society where he argues thi s culture of auditing is one that has come to dominate more and more areas of our lives. One example is the targets set by the Labour government in the public service, and specifically public health, services where measurements are made according to the outputs (the ends). The problem with this is that it can cause employees to manipulate the system in order to achieve the targets. In addition the fact that audit cultures focus on what you can measure and see means that it is not based on quality, so the measurement itself holds little value. Power argues that it becomes a self-referential system in that an employee can display they are impact the targets but it does not show the reality of what they are doing. The reality that is in the documents is not the same as the reality that is experiences. In an audit society how something is done is less important than that it is done.One key example of this is the Mid Staffordshire trust. Ineffective management was often too concerned wi th hitting targets that between 2005-2008 it was reported that between 400-1200 patients died from preventable causes. However, at the same time this trust met all of its targets to the point that it received foundation status. This demonstrates just how important it is that people look at how targets are achieved rather than just that they are received. Bureaucracy as good because it avoidspatronage (DuGay, 2000) or bad because it doesnt manage to prevent it (Jackall, 1988) DuGay (2000) is a key power of bureaucracy and draws upon Webers ideal type of bureaucracy that business is discharged without regard for persons (Weber, 1978). all love, hatred and purely irrational and emotional sentiments are excluded.Whilst this main seem callous it is this exact bureaucratic ethic of impersonality and candidness that DuGay defends. In contrast with Baumans view of the distinct lack of morality, DuGay (2000) in fact claims that bureaucracy is imbued with morality due to the demands of ins trumental rationality for maximum efficiency. DuGay states that for those demands to be satisfied the ethic of impersonality and fairness must come into play. Therefore bureaucracy is actually a way to eliminate discrimination.Jackalls (1988) work regarding bureaucratic careers is in opposition with this however, as he claims much of bureaucracy is based on old authority. His work is based on a large organisation in the US and is recorded in his book Moral Mazes. The idea of the hierarchy within the ideal bureaucracy is that you are trained for a role and then you occupy a role, taking on the authority that came with it. If that ideal occurs than it is an efficient system. However, Jackall found that patronage (an old form of authority associated with traditional authority) was more common within the organisation. In other words, doing things to please your boss who is at the top of the hierarchy of authority purely based upon his position.According to Jackall (1988) and two years p reviously to DuGays conflicting ideas, fairness and equity are abandoned in privilege of keeping ones eye on the main chance, maintaining and furthering ones own position and career. overcome advancement is based upon protecting the boss rather than on hard work, ability and dedicated service. The way to move up the career ladder is to keep your eye on the political gamesmanship of the organisation.Is bureaucracy bloodless ( pose bureaucracy?)This brings me onto the question of whether if bureaucracy is bad, then what is the alternative. An alternative has been put forward, and it is that of post bureaucracy. Heckscher (1994) is one of the leading writers in post bureaucracy and has created a type in contrast to Webers which is calledthe post bureaucratic ideal type. There are three key strands to his ideal type. Firstly, formal rules are replaced with a consensus based upon personal influence rather than status employees are also trusted to act on divided up values rather than r ules. Secondly, responsibilities are assigned based on competence and merit rather than hierarchy and individuals are treated as such. Finally, the organisation is much more flexible with regard to employment and working hours.The ideals of post bureaucracy have been developed as the conditions in which bureaucracy worked are becoming increasingly rare. The industrial era has given way to the post-industrial and the economy has moved away from mass production of standard products towards short product runs for niche markets (Grey, 2009). To address the final point of Heckschers (1994) post bureaucracy ideal, there is also a growing need for more flexible and innovative working rather than the blind following of orders. Whilst post bureaucracy does seem to address some of the problems associated with modern day bureaucracies it also generates its own set of problems, many of them being what bureaucracy solves. In opposition to the idea of bureaucracy as a machine, post bureaucracy is portrayed as a living, growing organism which means it is far less predictable and prone to malfunctions. Grey (2009) outlines three key problems with a post bureaucratic ideal.The problem of control is key, the lack of rules means it is difficult to exercise control. Post bureaucracy instead proposes a different form of control based on a culture of management on trust though this is a rather fragile form of control which relies on self-control. This is particularly difficult to sustain given the conditions in which post bureaucracies claim to operate flexible and fast moving organisations which means short term contracts where a trust is hard to build up. Another problem is that of risk which is inherently linked to a culture of freedom and innovation. Whilst freedom can result in good ideas, it can also result in inaccurate and damaging decisions for an organisation. Finally, the problem of fairness is also inherent in an organisational system that stressed individual treatme nt as this opens the possibility to irrationalities and prejudices.ConclusionTo come back to the original question, is bureaucracy bad, having evaluated and considered the two sides of the argument. I would have to come to the conclusion that while todays common form of bureaucracy is bad, the Weberian ideal type is not necessarily so. Like any structure, concept or theory, bureaucracy has its downfalls but there can be no denying that bureaucracy in its ideal type is the most rational and efficient form of organisation. However, over the years and into the 21st century it has become too rigid in its rules and procedures, people working within bureaucracies have lost their sense of initiative and cannot fathom anything that exists outside of their ruled environment.As Merton (1940) summed up, bureaucracy has become about doing the thing right, rather than doing the right thing. The stifling of innovation can lead to the failure of organisations and as James Hayes states Endless meet ings, sloppy communications and red tape steal the entrepreneurs time. Through bureaucracy the capacity for discretion is removed, which means that the ability to reason, act and exercise judgement is restricted. The individuals are told to enact a role into which they throw themselves whole heartedly.However, that is not to say that the alternative of post bureaucracy is much better and one of the particular pitfalls is the lack of protection it provides for employees as well as an intensification of time pressures. Though perhaps this is simply the way organisations have to work in the 21st century in order to keep up. Bureaucracy is clearly more germane(predicate) is some industries than others, and this should be kept in mind when evaluating the use of bureaucracy. For example it is far more essential to have a paper trail regarding a patients medication and hospital treatment than it is for an artist to stringently note down the materials they have used. As with most things, neither of the two extremes of bureaucracy or post bureaucracy is ideal, both have their dysfunctions and both have their advantages and as such a merging of the two (as seems to be the case in most organisations) is the most efficient and effective way forward.

Argumentative Essay On Social Media

Nowadays, a lot of commonwealth ar using tender media such as Facebook, Twitter, Tumbler and so on. Since the mesh has propagated rapidly, well-disposed media ware progressed a lot. The generalization of the internet murders us to live conveniently and fast. People are almost using smart phones, i-phones or comfortable devices which give the bounce access to internet. These equipments make us to do accessible network tardily. It helps contact friends, family, and other large number even though they live far away. It could be, however, abused, if you begettert use properly.Especially, it is important that we understand and regulate the use of social media by young children. initiative of all, social media, especially facebook, are very addicted. People would say drug or alcohol is more than addicted than social media or social media addiction is not big problems, but it is not true. in that respect is a report of the social media addiction by University of Chicagos Boo th School of Business. A team from the University of Chicagos Booth School of Business recently conducted an experiment involving 205 people in Wurtzburg, Germany to analyze the addictive properties of social media and other vices.Participants in the week-long study were polled via BlackBerry smart phones seven seasons per day and asked to report when they experienced a desire within the past 30 minutes, and whether or not the succumbed to that desire. They were also asked to gauge each desire on a scale from mild to irresistible. In the accrue of these facts, surely social media make addicts, and it is hard to escape. The problem is most people who have an addiction to social media and dont even realize it. Second, people can get mental and physical disorders easily through using social media.People might bet think social media is not matter with the disorders. They argued the social media is strong for mental diseases because social media help express their feelings or though t easily. Also, through social media, they can be connected each other more. However, social media just offer limited beting. They just meet on websites, not physical meeting. Psychologist, Aric Sigman suggests The use of social networking sites as opposed to face-to-face interaction could study to major health problems. Also he claimed in the British Journal The BiologistSpending besides oft time online could select to social isolation, loneliness and a negative outlook. These types of psychological symptoms could eventually lead to more serious health concerns, such as heart disease, cancer and dementia. Using social media disturbs make deep relationship with others. When they are using social media we do not need to move a lot. It is okay just to stay. We do not need to active a lot. As a result, it leads course mental and physical disorders. Third, social media doesnt help for their studies or talents.People think social media is good places to describe their talents or works what they did. For example, they argue people can share video clip what they playing the instruments or dancing or singing. It is, however, for people who already good to do those. If you are not good at those things and if you spend time to do social media, it would be hard to progress your talents. I did surveys about relationships amidst using social media and studying last semester. Most students answered using social media is not helpful to study.Also, students who got good grades spend just a little time to use social media. Using social media steals your time to what really want to do easily. If you do not pay attention, your time is gone very fast, and it cannot be returned. If you read books, study, exercising, practice singing, dancing or playing the instruments instead of using social media, it would be much better for you and your future life. Especially, the young generation and children are easy to be exposed to environments which using social media.Social media are favorite not only along with teens or youngsters its growing among working people and also old people. Social media addiction drug exactly where everyone is continuously logged on it irrespective that they have worked or they dont have anything to complete. Its regarded Social media an addiction exactly where many people have become addicts every day. It could be occurred mental and physical disease and make you waste time. Those are why we need to understand and regulate the use of social media by young children.

Telehealth Technology Essay

any(prenominal) nurse who has spoken to a patient of over the phone has practiced telehealth care for. Telehealth is defined as the economic consumption of engineering to present health attention. health information or wellness instruction at a distance ( What Is Telehealth? . n. d. . parity. 1 ) . Although the impost of engineering alterations how nursing attention is de give outred and may necessitate competences related to its usage to present nursing attention. the nursing procedure and range of pattern does non differ with telehealth nursing. Nurses engaged in telehealth nursing pattern continue to measure. program. intervene. and measure the results of nursing attention. only if they do so utilizing engineering. In an environment of especial(a) figure of nurses. engineering can assist run into the demand to supply nursing attention and maturation the efficiency of those nurses. When a patient leaves the infirmary. the patient is responsible for his or her ain wellnes s attention at place. Telehealth services can do it more(prenominal) efficient to pull off on-going attention and unwrap patient gumshoe. Telehealth nursing is used when there is a demand to present nursing attention remotely and better efficiency and entree to healthcare.Telehealth offers healthcare suppliers with an chance to function plurality who are in hapless wellness. live in distant countries and do non hold equal entree to wellness attention. One of the major benefits of telehealth is that it promotes safety in health care. Patients are being discharged from the infirmary earlier than of all time before. with swarm medicines and frequently missing the light they need to care for their office adequately. Telehealth allows these patients to return place. which saves money. but allows them to be support by a professional until they are good or are pull offing their status with assurance. Telehealth provides a safety cyberspace for patients who may be fighting with pull offing their status at place. forestalling complications that could ensue in being hospitalized once more. There is a demand for criterions and guidelines to back up telehealth nursing pattern and to cut down liability hazard for nurses.Practice criterions and guidelines are evidence-based. and many people are involved in the development and distribution of nursing telehealth pattern criterions. Input signal from a broad array of experts is solicited in developing the criterions and guidelines. in order to guarantee equal consideration of technological. medical. nursing. legal. and honourable issues. ( Hutcherson. 2001 ) To guarantee safe and high quality telehealth nursing pattern. proficient demands for privateness and security of personal wellness informations should adhere to local and national Torahs regulating the storage and transmittal of personal wellness information. The hereafter of telehealth is assuring. but it may non work for turn toing the chronic attention load of every patient.Telehealth is a agency of increase an organizations ability to supply quality attention in patients places and detain the demand for valuable infirmary admittances or traditional nursing place attention. Besides cost nest eggs and bridging healthcare entree barriers in rural countries. telehealth provides the chance to derive important medical penetrations by analysing uninterrupted wellness informations for a patient collected through distant monitoring. combined with other informations beginnings. Telehealth services extend the accomplishments and cognition that nurses use every twenty-four hours. It is besides one of the most promising and practical solutions. available non tho to turn to an inevitable nursing crisis. but besides to convey modern twenty-four hours healthcare to more people and salvage more lives.MentionsHutcherson. MS. RN. C. M. ( 2001 ) . Legal considerations for nurses practising in a telehealth scene. Retrieved from hypertext take out protoc ol //www. nursingworld. org/MainMenuCategories/ANAMarketplace/ANAPeriodicals/OJIN/TableofContents/Volume62001/No3Sept01/LegalConsiderations. html What is telehealth? ( n. d. ) . Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol //www. hrsa. gov/healthit/toolbox/RuralHealthITtoolbox/Telehealth/whatistelehealth. hypertext markup language

Men and Women Eating Disorders

Modern friendships inclination to appreciate thin masses has led to a signifi corporationt increase in the incidence of take in disorders. While sweep awaying disorders argon highly associated with women, the designate is not gender orientated and as such(prenominal), can inflict both sexes. This paper discusses have disorders that occur to both men and women.What is an ingest Disorder?Eating disorder is a condition where victims generally make usance of food to arrive at physical or emotional objective. This means that people with eating disorders may deprive themselves of food so they will become thin, or use starvation as a means to deal with abdicable noteings or emotions. Eating disorder is popularly associated with two conditions, the anorexia nervosa and binge-eating syndrome, both of which, can be generally specify as the extreme concern to automobile trunk metric weight unit and image although such other conditions as thoughtfulness disorder and pica, which in the beginning occur among infants are too considered as eating disorders. Another form of eating disorder is binge eating which is most common among people who are on a diet.Psychologist Kelly Bemis describe anorexia nervosa as a complex physical, emotional, and behavioral changes occurring in individuals who starve themselves because of an aversion to food or weight gain (Lucas, 2004). Those who consent to from anorexia nervosa are characterized by a false detection about their body size. This perception leads to self inflicted starvation or refusal to eat and which consequently results in severe weight spill that has annihilative health and mental implications. Other weight loss strategies include vomiting several times in a day, using laxatives and over exercising.People who suffer from bulimia, on the other hand, are also characterized by the same extreme weight and image consciousness but they have a craving for food, which causes them to go for binge eating. Bulimics generally feel guilty when they overeat and to prevent themselves from gaining weight, use risky weight loss strategies similarly employed by anorexics. Peopleinflicted with bulimia and anorexia are both characterized with feelings of depression and anxiety.Unlike bulimia where victims overeat and purge themselves after by vomiting or using laxatives, people with binge eating conditions eat large amounts of food but do not purge themselves. They do not use laxatives nor vomit habitually but merely abstain themselves from eating or they go on a diet. A recent study conducted in Harvard Medical School showed that binge eating is now more(prenominal) prevalent than anorexia and bulimia (Stein, 2007).Among the symptoms of eating disorders include extreme weight loss starvation or refusal to eat frequent vomiting obsession with exercise and depression. Eating disorder is both a physiological and mental condition, victims of which, do not only lose weight but also suffer from other psy chological conditions such as depression.Eating Disorder among WomenThe matter Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders (ANAD) (1995) reported that ninety percentage of the people who are inflicted with anorexia and bulimia are women. Eating disorder among women is reported to begin during the teen years, which when left untreated, can persist through adulthood. The onset of eating disorders among slightly girls are said to follow after traumatic and stressful life experiences such as leaving home or death of a love one.In the case of anorexia, women are usually within the range of 90 percent of ideal body weight before they widen the illness (Blinder, 2001). Eating disorders are also most prevalent among teen-age girls. The National Womens Health Report (1995) accounted that girls who are at risk of developing eating disorders are highly self-made individuals who have feelings of insecurity and who may resort to controlling their food intake and weight to make them feel powerful. Eating disorder among women is highly attributed to the societys preferential treatment to slim women.One trenchant symptom of eating disorder among women is the loss of monthly menstrual cycle, which is the result of being extremely give causing impairment of normal bodily functions such as that of the reproductive organs.Eating Disorder among manpowerThe reason why eating disorders have been greatly associated with women is because more women suffer from the disease than men. For this reason, eating disorders, such as anorexia in men may become under-diagnosed because most people, even anorexics, are generally unconscious(predicate) that eating disorders can occur to both men and women (Blinder. 2001). Eating disorders, however, are not gender nonreversible conditions and as such, there are also cases of men suffering from eating disorders. It is, in fact, estimated that ten percent of the eight million people in the United States who suffer from eating di sorders are men (Issues for manpower, 2006).While symptoms, conditions and implications of eating disorder among men and women are generally almost similar, there are aspects that digress between men and women. For example, eating disorders are more likely to occur in girls who are achievers. In men, most likely sufferers are those who come from lower socioeconomic groups those who feared competition, and those who were not successful in their academics and in their profession (Blinder. 2001).If culture dictates that men should be big and strong, why is it that eating disorders occur in some men? According to Blinder (2001), males with eating disorders experience sexual isolation, sexual inactivity and conflicted homosexuality. Gays, who are also pressured in becoming physically and professionally successful, are thus most likely victims of eating disorder.As such, eating disorders is prevalent among male homosexuals. This, however, does not mean that heterosexual males do not dev elop eating disorders because they do. Male runners and jockeys, for example, who are involved in activities that necessitate low weight and who suffer from besides much stress and pressure can develop eating disorders (Issues for Men, 2006 ). Unlike women who develop the condition because they perceive themselvesto be fat, most men who develop the disease are actually overweight earlier to being inflicted with the condition.ConclusionWhile eating disorders have always been associated with women, a number of men also suffer from the condition. There are general similarities in eating disorders between men and women, both sexes primarily use food to lose weight and to deal with emotions. There is however some discrepancy in the characteristics of victims physical perception and weight prior to illness and symptoms such that girls lose their menstrual cycles as an progeny of starvation. Because the condition is highly associated with women, treatment of males with eating disorders has been difficult. Some male bulimics and anorexics do not realize they suffer from eating disorders because they are not aware that the illness can strike both men and women.References puerile and Eating Disorders. (1995, Nov. 1). National Womens Health Report, 17, 3.Blinder, B (2001). Anorexia in males. Retrieved March 8, 2007 from http//www.ltspeed.com/bjblinder/anmales.htmLucas, A. (2004). Demystifying Anorexia Nervosa An Optimistic Guide to Understanding and Healing. sunrise(prenominal) York Oxford University PressStein, R. (2007, Feb 1.). Bingeing Now Seen As Most Common Eating Disorder. Washington Post, A02